Ключові слова
кабельні лінії
зшито-поліетиленова ізоляція
старіння ізоляції
вищі гармоніки
несиметрія
несинусоїдальна напруга
часткові розряди
температура
струмове навантаження
моніторинг технічного стану кабелів
Як цитувати
Анотація
У роботі представлено огляд і проаналізовано основні складові надійності силових кабелів із зшито-поліетиленовою ізоляцією. Визначено та узагальнено основні умови довготривалої експлуатації ізоляції, типові дефекти в її структурі та причини їх виникнення, що з часом призводить до виходу ізоляції з ладу. За сучасними науковими джерелами описано вплив різних електричних режимів роботи кабелів з поліетиленовою ізоляцією на роботу кабельних ліній, а також вплив вищих гармонійних складових, несиметрії та несинусоїдальності напруги на стан ізоляції, її прискорене старіння, зростання температури кабелів, а отже необхідність коректування їх навантаження за струмом. Такі наслідки здатні призводити до підвищення ризику відмови кабелів, збоїв у роботі електричної мережі, додаткових економічних витрат. Представлено нові інтелектуальні засоби контролю електричних, теплових, механічних характеристик та рівня часткових розрядів у кабельних лініях для автоматичного контролю стану ізоляції, регулювання режимів роботи кабельних ліній, захисту від аварійно небезпечних ситуацій в режимі реального часу. Бібл. 53, рис. 3, таблиць 2.
Посилання
Shidlovskii A.K., Shcherba A.A., Zolotaryov V.M., Podoltsev A.D., Kucheriava I.M. Extra-high voltage cables with polymer insulation. Kyiv: Institute of Electrodynamics, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. 2013. 550 p. (Rus)
Electrical power cable engineering. Third Edition. Ed. by W.A. Thue, CRC Press, 2011, 460 p.
Strategic research agenda for Europe’s electricity networks of the future. Smart Grids Strategic Research Agenda 2035. March, 2012, 74 p. https://www.etip-snet.eu/wp-content/uploads/ 2017/04/sra2035.pdf
Guiding technical material on the construction, testing and operation of modern extra-high-voltage power cable lines. Kharkiv. Maidan, 2017, 64 p. (Rus)
Zolotaryov V.M. Plant «Yuzhcable works»: milestones of the road (75 years to Plant «Yuzhcable works»). Elektrotekhnika I Elektromekhanika. 2018. No. 5. Pp. 12–16. (Rus) DOI: https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2018.5.02
Wire and cable market (type – wire and cable; voltage type - low voltage, medium voltage, and high and extra high voltage; applications – power transmission and distribution, transport, data transmission, infrastructure): global industry analysis, trends, size, share and forecasts to 2024, November 2018. https://www.infiniumglobalresearch.com/ict-semiconductor/global-wire-and-cable-market
Huang X., Zhang J.; Jiang P. Thermoplastic insulation materials for power cables: history and progress. High Voltage Engeniering, May 2018. Vol. 44. No. 5. Pp. 1377–1398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20180430001
Verhuven B. International practice of cable testing. Kabeli i provoda. 2006. No 1 (296). Pp. 10–14. (Rus)
Hampton N. HV and EHV cable system aging and testing issues. Chapter 3. University System of Georgia, Institute of Technology NEETRAC – National Electric Energy Testing, Research and Application Center. Georgia Tech Research Corporation, February 2016, 19 p. www.neetrac.gatech.edu › CDFI › 3-HV-Issues-7_with-Copyright
Densley J. Ageing mechanisms and diagnostics for power cables – an overview. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 2001. Vol. 17. No. 1. Pp. 14–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/57.901613
Hampton N. Medium voltage cable system issues. Chapter 2. University System of Georgia, Institute of Technology NEETRAC – National Electric Energy Testing, Research and Application Center. – Georgia Tech Research Corporation, February 2016, 29 p.
Steennis E.F., Kreuger F.H. Water treeing in polyethylene cables. Review. IEEE Trans. on Electrical Insulation. 1990. Vol. 25. No. 5. Pp. 989–1028. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/14.59869
Teyssedre G., Laurent C. Advances in high-field insulating polymeric materials over the past 50 years. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 2013, Vol. 29, No. 5, Pp. 26–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2013.6585854
Kucheriava I.M. The factors affecting quality and reliability of XLPE insulation of power cables. Pratsi Institutu Elektrodynamiki NAN Ukrainy. 2017. Iss. 48. Pp. 94–104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/publishing2017.48.094 (Rus)
Kucheriava I.M. Power cable defects and their influence on electric field distribution in polyethylene insulation. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2017. No 2. Pp. 19–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2017.02.019
Guk D.A., Kamensky M.K., Makarov L.E., Obraztsov Yu.V., Ovsienko V.L., Shuvalov M.Yu. New high-voltage testing center of Public Company "VNIIKP". Experience in testing and studing the power cables, accessories and materials for their production. Kabeli i provoda. 2014. No 5(348). Pp. 35–42. (Rus)
Shcherba A.A., Gurin A.G., Olshevsky A.M., Karpushenko V.P., Naumenko A.A. The new technology of peroxide cross-linking of polyethylene insulation as a basis for the production of highly reliable 6–500 kV power cables. Electropanorama. 2012. No. 4. Pp. 16–21. (Rus)
Shuvalov M.Yu., Romashkin A.V., Ovsiyenko V.L. Analysis of defects in the insulation of high-voltage power cables by videomicroscopy and microexperiment. Electrichestvo. 2000. No. 5. Pp. 49–57. (Rus)
Burlakov E., Yevdokunin G., Karpov A., Shatilov D. High-voltage lines with single-phase cables. Transient processes and overvoltages. Novosti Elektrotekhniki. 2016. No. 5(101). (Rus)
Dmitriev M.V. Design and construction of 6–500 kV cable lines. Actual problems. Novosti Elektrotekhniki. 2016. No. 4(100). (Rus)
Dmitriev M.V. High-voltage lines with single-phase cables. Overvoltage protection. Novosti Elektrotekhniki. 2016. No. 6(102). (Rus)
Podoltsev A.D. Computer simulation of lightning overvoltage in high voltage overhead transmission line. Pratsi Institutu Elektrodynamiki NAN Ukrainy. 2017. Is. 46. Pp. 94–106. (Rus) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/publishing2017.46.094
Kuznetsov V.G., Kurennyi E.G., Lyutyj A.P. Electromagnetic compatibility. Asymmetry and non-sinusoidal voltage. Donetsk: Nord-Press, 2005, 250 p. (Rus)
Driesen J., Craenenbroeck V. T. Введение в несимметричность / Dr Johan Driesen & Dr Thierry Van Craenenbroeck, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven . Energosberezhenie. 2004. No 6. http://www.abok.ru/for_spec/articles. php?nid=2699
Gerasimov V.G. Electrotechnical reference book. Vol. 3. Production and distribution of electrical energy. 9th edition. Moskva: MEI, 2004, 964 p. (Rus)
Arrillaga Jos, Bradley D.A., Bodger P.S. Power System Harmonics. Мoskva: Energoatomizdat, 1990, 320 p. (Rus)
Grady W.M., Surya Santoso. Understanding power system hannonics. IEEE Power Engineering Review. 2001. Vol. 21(11). Pp. 8–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MPER.2001.961997
Shidlovskii A.K., Zharkin A.F. Higher harmonics in low-voltage electrical networks. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 2005. 210 p. (Rus)
Zhezhelenko I.V. Higher harmonics in industrial power supply systems. Moskva: Energoatomizdat, 2000, 331 p. (Rus)
Pinyol R. Harmonics: causes, effects and minimization. Salicru white papers. August 2015. www.salicru.com › files › pagina
Papaika Yu.A., Lysenko O.H., Koshelenko Ye.V., Olishevskyi I. H. Mathematical modeling of power supply reliability at low voltage quality. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2021. No. 2. Pp. 97–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-2/097
Tul’skij V.N., Kartashov I.I., Nasyrov R.R., Simutkin M.G. Influence of higher harmonics on the operating modes of 380 V cable distribution networks. Promyshlennaia energetika. 2013. No. 5. Pp. 39–44. (Rus)
Vasil’eva O.A., Shakhova M.A.,Shejko A.E., Markovskij N.A. Evaluation of the impact of non-sinusoidal load on the power losses and power cable capacity. Avtomatizatsiia i IT v energetike. 2021. No. 4(141). Pp. 2–11. (Rus)
Demoulias С., Labridis D.P., Dokopoulos P.S., Gouramanis K. Ampacity of low-voltage power cables under nonsinusoidal currents. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2007. Vol. 22. No. 1. Pp. 584–594. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2006.881445
Tarasov Ev.V., Bulyga L.L., Ushakov V.Ya., Kharlov N.N. Additional energy losses from asymmetric and non-sinusoidal current in an electrical facility and methods of their reduction. MATEC Web of Conferences, Published online 2015. Vol. 37. Smart Grids 2015, 4 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20153701057
Senra R., Boaventura W.C., Mendes E.M. Assessment of the harmonic currents generated by single-phase nonlinear loads. Electric power systems research. 2017. Vol. 147. Pp. 272–279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.02.028
Tofoli F.L., Sanhueza S.M.R., de Oliveira A. On the study of losses in cables and transformers in nonsinusoidal conditions. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2006. Vol. 21. Is. 2. Pp. 971–978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2006.870986
Yong J., Xu W. A method to estimate the impact of harmonic and unbalanced currents on the ampacity of concentric neutral cables. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2016. Vol. 31. Is. 5. Pp. 1971–1979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2014.2331852
Rasoulpoor M., Mirzaie M., Mirimani S.M. Thermal assessment of sheathed medium voltage power cables under non-sinusoidal current and daily load cycle. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017. Vol. 123. Pp. 353–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.05.070
Patil K.D., Gandhare W.Z. Effects of harmonics in distribution systems on temperature rise and life of XLPE power cables. 2011 International Conference on Power and Energy Systems, 22–24 December 2011, 6 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156680
Gandhare W.Z., Patil K.D. Effects of harmonics on power loss in XLPE cables. Energy and Power Engineering. 2013. Vol. 5. Pp. 1235–1239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/epe.2013.54B234
Sahin Yu.G., Aras F. Investigation of harmonic effects on underground power cables. Proceedings of International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG 2007), 12–14 April 2007, Setubal, Portugal. Pp. 589–594. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2007.4380123
Montanari G.C., Fabiani D. The effect of nonsinusoidal voltage on intrinsic aging of cable and capacitor insulating materials. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. Vol. 6. No. 6. Pp. 798–802, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/94.822018
Bahadoorsingh S., Rowland S.M. Investigating the impact of harmonics on the breakdown of epoxy resin through electrical tree growth. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2010. Vol. 17. Is. 5. Рр. 1576–1584. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2010.5595560
Bahadoorsingh S., Rowland S.M. An investigation of the harmonic impact on electrical tree growth. 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation, 6–9 June 2010, San Diego, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.2010.5549819
Kopchenkov D. Diagnostics of high-voltage cable lines. Experience of application. Kabel-news. 2012. No. 3. (Rus)
Bahadoorsingh S., Rowland S.M.A Framework linking knowledge of insulation ageing to asset management. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 2008. Vol. 24. Is. 3. Рp. 38–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2008.4591433
International standard IEC 60505. Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems, edition 4.0, 2011/07.
Kyrylenko O.V., Shcherba A.A., Kucheriava I.M. Intellectual technologies for monitoring of technical state of up-to-date high-voltage cable power lines. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2021. No. 6. Pр. 29–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2021.06.029 (Ukr)
Shcherba А.А., Podoltsev A.D., Kucheriava I.M. System for remote monitoring of high-voltage cable line state. Pratsi Institutu Elektrodynamiki NAN Ukrainy. 2020. Is. 57. Pp. 10–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/publishing2020.57.010 (Ukr)
Chen K., Yue Yi, Tang Yu. Research on temperature monitoring method of cable on 10 kv railway power transmission lines based on distributed temperature sensor. Energies, 21 Jun 2021. Vol. 14 (12). 3705 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123705 . https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
Cherukupalli S., Anders G.J. Distributed fiber optic sensing and dynamic rating of power cables. IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering. Wiley-IEEE Press, October 1, 2019. 240 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119487739
Enescu D., Colella P., Russo A., Porumb R.F., Seritan G.C. Concepts and methods to assess the dynamic thermal rating of underground power cables. Energies. 2021. No. 14. 2591 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092591 . https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Авторське право (c) 2023 І.М. Кучерява