Ключові слова
датчики імпульсного електричного струму
методи зниження шумів і завад
плазмоерозійна обробка
Як цитувати
Анотація
Проаналізовано основні методи підвищення відношення корисного сигналу до шуму при вимірюванні імпульсних електричних струмів. Наведено порівняльний аналіз переваг і недоліків основних типів датчиків струму. Описано стенд і методику проведення експериментальних досліджень впливу параметрів вимірювальної системи на рівень шумів і завад при вимірюванні імпульсних електричних струмів. Визначено режими, в яких за лабораторних умов відношення рівня корисного сигналу до шуму найб
ільше. Розкрито механізм впливу величини активного електричного опору резистивного датчика струму на відношення сигналу до шуму при високій чутливості осцилографа. Експериментально доведено ефективність екранування датчика струму і заземлення його екрану в одних режимах і їх неефективність в інших для підвищення відношення сигналу до шуму. Наведено практичні рекомендації щодо покращення відношення сигналу до шуму в системах з аналоговими датчиками імпульсного струму. Бібл. 39, табл. 2.
Посилання
Lopatko K.G., Melnichuk M.G., Aftandilyants Y.G., Gonchar E.N., Boretskij V.F., Veklich A.N., Zakharchenko S.N., Tugay T.I., Tugay A.V., Trach V.V. Obtaining of metallic nanoparticles by plasma-erosion electrical discharges in liquid mediums for biological application. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW Agriculture. 2013. No 61. Pp.105–115.
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M., Cherkassky O.P. The Analysis of Electromagnetic Processes in Output Circuit of the Generator of Discharge Pulses with Non-linear Model of Plasma-erosive Load at Change Their Parameters in Wide Ranges. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2016. No 1. Pp. 87–95. (Rus). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2016.01.087
Shcherba A.A., Suprunovska N.I. Cyclic transients in the circuits of electric discharge installations taking into account the influence of magnitude and rate of discharge currents rise on resistance of electric spark load. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2018. No 2. Pp. 3–10 (Rus) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2018.02.003
Shcherba А.A., Suprunovskaya N.I., Ivashchenko D.S. Modeling of nonlinear resistance of electro-spark load taking into account its changes during discharge current flowing in the load and at zero current in it. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2014. No 5. Pp. 23–25 (Rus)
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M. Transients in RLC-circuits with a parametric loading. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2014. No 2. Pp. 3–10. (Rus)
Zakharchenko S.M. Physical Model of the Granulated Current-carrying Medium. Tekhnichna Elektrody-namika. 2012. No 6. – Pp. 19–26. (Rus)
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M., Cherkaskyi O.P. Parametric Model of Plasma-erosive Load, Ade-quate in the Wide Range of Change of Applied Voltage. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2017. No 3. Pp. 3–12. (Ukr) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2017.03.003
Shydlovskaya N.A., Zakharchenko S.N., Cherkasskyi A.P. Nonlinear-parametrical Model of Electrical Resistance of Current-Carrying Granulated Mediums for a Wide Range of Applied Voltage. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2014. No 6. Pp. 3–17. (Rus)
Shydlovska N., Zakharchenko S., Cherkaskyi O. The influence of electric field parameters and tempera-ture of hydrosols of metals’ plasma-erosive particles on their resistance and permittivity. Computational problems of electrical engineering. 2014. Vol. 4, No 2. Pp. 77–84.
Shidlovskaia N.A., Zakharchenko S.N. Modeling of the processes in a circuit of the discharge of the ca-pacitor on a spark-erosion loading. Elektronnoe modelirovanie. 2012. Vol. 34. No 6. Pр. 73–81. (Rus)
Zakharchenko S.N. The Influence of intensity of an external electric field and temperature on resistance of hydrosols metals produced by spark erosion. Pratsi Instytutu Elektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2012. Issue 33. Pp. 113–120. (Rus)
Shcherba A.A., Zakharchenko S.N., Suprunovskaya N.I., Shevchenko N.I. The influence of repetition rate of discharge pulses on electrical resistance of current-conducting granular layer during its electric-spark treatment. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2006. No 2. Pp. 10–14.
Zakharchenko S.M. Statistical Research of Equivalent Electric Resistance of the Heterogeneous Current-carrying Medium at its Electroerosive Processing on an Example of Granules of Aluminum in Water. Naukovyi Vіsnyk Natsіonalnoho hіrnychoho unіversytetu. 2013. No 1 (133). Pp. 62–67. (Ukr)
Kornev J.I., Yavorovsky N.A., Saveliev G.G., Galanov A.I., Zaharchenko S.M., Perekos A.E., Danilenko N.B., Yurmazova T.A. Physico-chemical Processes in Electric Discharges in Liquid Media. Proc. of 15th International Symposium on High-Current Electronics (15th SHCE). Tomsk, Russia, Sep-tember 21–26, 2008. P. 480–483.
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M., Cherkaskyi O.P. Physical Prerequisites of Construction of Mathe-matical Models of Electric Resistance of Plasma-erosive Loads. Tekhnichna Electrodynamika. 2017. No 2. Pp. 5–12. (Ukr) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2017.02.005
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M., Cherkaskyi O.P. Comparison of the Smoothing Efficiency of Sig-nals of Voltage on the Plasma-erosive Load and its Current by Multi-Iterative Filtration Methods. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2017. No 4. Pp. 3–13. (Ukr) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2017.04.003
Shydlovska N.A., Zakharchenko S.M., Cherkaskyi O.P. Criteria for the Necessary and Sufficient Number of Iterations of Filtering Non-periodic Non-stationary Signals by Multi-iterative Methods. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2017. No 5. Pp. 23–31. (Ukr). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2017.05.023
Shcherba A.A., Zakharchenko S.N., Suprunovskaya N.I., Shevchenko M.I., Monastirskiy G.Е., Peretyat-ko Yu.V., Petruchenko O.V. Stabilization of modes of electrotechnological systems of obtaining spark-eroded micro and nano powders. Tekhnichna electrodynamica. Tematichnyi vypusk “Silova elektronika ta energoefektivnist”. 2006. Vol. 1. Pp. 120–123. (Rus).
Zakharchenko S.N., Rudenko Yu.V., Cherkassky A.P. Improving the Accuracy of the Voltage Regulation in the Capacitive Energy Storage Devices for Pulse Plasma-erosion Treatment Systems of Heterogeneous Conductive Media. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2016. No 6. Pp. 30–37. (Rus). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2016.06.030
Zakharchenko S.N., Kondratenko I.P., Perekos A.E., Zalutsky V.P., Kozyrsky V.V., Lopatko K.G. Influence of discharge pulses duration in a layer of iron granules on the size and structurally-phase conditions of its electroerosion particles. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2012. Vol. 6. No 5 (60). Pp. 66–72. (Rus)
Tesyk Yu.F., Komarov M.S., Klimenko D.M. Instantaneous current meter in power electronics devices. Pratsi Instytutu Elektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. 2013. No 36. Pp. 133–138. (Ukr)
Xiyao Zhang. When to use an amplifier with rail-to-rail inputs and what to look for. Radiolotsman. 2016. No 9 (64). Pp. 22–24. URL: https://www.rlocman.ru/review/article.html?di=179990 (Last access data 02.10.2019). (Rus)
Varskyi H.M. Measuring current transducer with electronic error compensation. Pratsi Instytutu Elektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2009. No 24. Pp. 119–125. (Rus)
Varskyi G.M. Influence of Interwinding Capacite on Exactness of Work of High-Voltage Current Trans-former. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2014. No 4. Pp. 58–60. (Rus).
Varskyi H.M., Hrechko V.V., Tankevych E.N. Calculation of Electromagnetic System Parameters of Sen-sor for Electronic Current Transformer with Standardized Transient Performance. Pratsi Instytutu El-ektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2015. No 42. Pp. 129–135. (Rus)
Stognii B.S., Sopel M.F., Pankiv V.I., Tankevych Ye.M. Current Transformer Mathematical Model Based on Jiles-Atherton Theory of Ferromagnetic Hysteresis. Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika. 2016. No 3. Pp. 58–65. (Ukr).
Stognii B.S., Sopel M.F., Pankiv V.I., Tankevych E.M. Factors of determining the origin and amount of re-sidual induction in the iron core of current transformers in operation. Pratsi Instytutu Elektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2016. No 43. Pp. 5–13. (Ukr)
Starodubtsev Yu.N. Theory and design of low power transformers. Moscow: Publishing Company Radio-Soft, 2005. 320 p. (Rus)
Starodubtsev Yu.N., Belozerov V.Ya. Magnetic properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys. Ye-katerinburg: Publishing House of Ural University, 2002. 384 p. (Rus)
Hertsyk O.M., Pereverzeva T.G., Kovbuz M.O., Boichyshyn L.M., Nosenko V.K., Borysiuk A.K. Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Multicomponent Amorphous Metal Compositions Based on Iron, Metallofizika i Noveishie Tekhnologii. 2017. Vol. 39, No 8. Pp. 1023–1033 (Ukr). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/mfint.39.08.1023.
Margelov A. Honeywell Current Sensors. Elektronnyye komponenty. 2007. No 7. Pp. 121–126. URL: http://ecworld.ru/media/bip/pdfs/margelov_ec307.pdf (Last access data 02.10.2019). (Rus)
Taranov S.G., Tesyk Yu.F., Braiko V.V. Karasinskii O.L., Shuvalov G.I., Pronzeleva S.Yu. Principles of construction of current converters based on Hall sensors. Pratsi Instytutu Elektrodynamiky Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Kyiv, 2013. No 35. Pp. 96–107. (Rus)
Isolated current and voltage sensors manufactured by TVELEM Ltd. Specifications – Application – Cal-culations. (Rus) URL: http://www.efo-power.ru/BROSHURES_CATALOGS/LEM/TVELEM_rus.pdf (Last access data 02.10.2019).
Jobling D. New direct amplification current sensors, comparable in performance with compensation. Silovaya Elektronika. 2014. No 6. Pp. 66–69. (Rus) URL: https://www.lem.com/ru/file/4469/download (Last access data 03.10.2019).
Keysight N2780B Series AC/DC Current Probes A wide selection of current probes to meet your application’s needs. Data Sheet. URL: http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5989-6432EN.pdf (Last access data 03.10.2019).
SDS1000X, SDS1000X+ Series. Digital Oscilloscope. DataSheet-2016.05. URL: http://www.amt.cz/info/1/SDS1000XPLUS.pdf (Last access data 03.10.2019).
Data Sheet. Hall Effect Current Sensor. HS-SCH: NP. URL: http://coretech.com.ua/docs/Sensors-hall/coretech-HCS-SH.pdf (Last access data 03.10.2019).
Yakimov A.V. Physics of Noises and Parameter Fluctuations: Electronic Textbook. Nizhny Novgorod: Nizhny Novgorod State University, 2013. 85 р. (Rus) URL: http://www.lib.unn.ru/students/src/Yakimov_Noise.pdf (Last access data 03.10.2019).
Gorshkov B.L. Practical design methods for normalizing sensor signals. Based on the materials of the seminar «Practical design techniques for sensor signal conditioning». Moscow: AVTEKS, 2014. 311 p. (Rus) URL: http://www.autex.spb.su/download/seminar/ad/sensor99rus/s_11.pdf (Last access data 03.10.2019).
Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Авторське право (c) 2020 Н.А. Шидловська, С.М. Захарченко, І.Л. Мазуренко